S-substituted carbonyl substituted beta-thioacrylamide biocides and fungicides

ABSTRACT

A compound of the formula  (* CHEMICAL STRUCTURE *)  wherein R1 is an organic radical having at least 2 carbon atoms; R2 is an organic radical; and A=CO, CH2, or CHR3 where R3 is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl; and Z1 and Z2 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, and (C1-C4) alkyl and use as a fungicide and biocide.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 461,553 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,166,390, filed Jan. 5, 1990.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to biocides and fungicides.

2. Description of the Prior Art

The following references were considered pertinent, but do not describe or suggest the present invention: Miller, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,914,301 (Oct. 21, 1975), commonly assigned; W. D. Crow and I. Gosney, Aust. J. Chem., 22, 765-774 (1969); W. D. Crow and I. Gosney, Tetradedron, 26, 1463-1473(1970).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

There is a need for alternative biocides and fungicides, especially improved ones.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide novel compounds which are useful in any locus subject to contamination by bacteria or fungi.

These objects and others as will become apparent from the following detailed description, are achieved by the present invention which in one aspect comprises a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R₁ is an organic radical having at least 2 carbon atoms;

R₂ is an organic radical;

A=CO, CH₂, or CHR₃ where R₃ is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl; and

Z₁ and Z₂ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, and (C₁ -C₄) alkyl.

In another aspect the invention co,prises the use of such a compound as a biocide or as a fungicide, and compositions comprising such compounds in fungicidally effective amount and in an agronomically acceptably carrier. In another aspect the invention comprises a method of controlling or inhibiting growth of bacteria in a locus comprising incorporating into or onto the locus a biocidally effective amount of the compound.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The novel compounds of the invention have been found to be useful as bactericides or as fungicides or both. The compounds of the invention have the formula ##STR3## wherein R₁ is an organic radical having at least 2 carbon atoms;

R₂ is an organic radical;

A is carbonyl (CO), methylene or alkyl substituted methylene wherein the alkyl substituent may be substituted or unsubstituted.

Z₁ and Z₂ are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, and (C₁ -C₄) alkyl.

In a preferred embodiment R₁ and R₂ are independently selected from optionally substituted (C₂ -C₁₂) alkyl, (C₂ -C₁₂) alkenyl, (C₂ -C₁₂) alkynyl, (C₃ -C₁₂) cycloalkyl, (C₆ -C₁₀) aryl, aryl (C₁ -C₈) alkyl, aryl (C₂ -C₈) alkenyl, aryl (C₂ -C₈) alkynyl, heteroyl, heteroyl (C₁ -C₈) alkyl, heteroyl (C₂ -C₈) alkenyl; wherein the substituent may be one or more cyano, thiocyano, isothiocyano, halogen, (C₁ -C₆) alkyl, halo (C₁ -C₆) alkyl, (C₁ -C₆) alkoxy, halo (C₁ -C₆) alkoxy, nitro, carboxy, carbo (C₁ -C₆) alkoxy, (C₁ -C₆) aryloxy, hydroxy or amino groups; and heteroyl is selected from pyridyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, triazolyl, furyl, thiopheneyl, benzothiopheneyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, ferrocenyl, and pyranyl; and

A is carbonyl, methylene, or hydroxyalkylmethylene; and Z₁ and Z₂ are hydrogen.

In a more preferred embodiment, R¹ is (C₄ -C₁₂) alkyl or (C₆ -C₁₂) cycloalkyl;

R₂ is (C₂ -C₆) alkyl optionally substituted by one or more amino, carboxy, carbomethoxy, phenoxy or halo groups, (C₂ -C₆) alkenyl optionally substituted with one or more halo or carbo (C₁ -C₆) alkoxy groups, phenyl optionally substituted with one or more (C₁ -C₆) alkoxy, halo (C₁ -C₆) alkyl, polyhalo (C₁ -C₆) alkyl, halo or nitro groups, or a heteroyl group selected from optionally substituted furyl, thiopheneyl or pyridinyl wherein the substituents are independently selected from halogen, nitro or (C₁ -C₆) alkyl groups; and

A is carbonyl; and Z₁ and Z₂ are hydrogen.

Still more preferably the compounds are those wherein R₁ is (C₅ -C₁₂) alkyl or alkynyl. Also preferred are those wherein R₁ is selected from the group consisting of 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentyl; or propargyl; A is CO, R₂ is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl, heteroyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, ferrocenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, and ##STR4## wherein Y₁ and Y₂ are aryl, alkyl, or together make a ring.

Most preferred compounds are those wherein R₁ is selected from the group consisting of n-C₈ H₁₇, 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentyl and propargyl; R₂ is selected from the group consisting of ethyl, phenyl, 2-chloroethyl, 3-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl, diphenylamino, 4-butylphenyl, and 3,5-chlorophenyl; and Z₁ and Z₂ are H.

The term "halo" by itself or as a part of another substituent means chloro, fluoro, bromo and iodo. The term "alkyl" by itself or as a part of another substituent, unless otherwise stated, means straight and branched chain groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, and the like. The term "haloalkyl" by itself or as a part of another substituent is an alkyl group of the stated number of carbon atoms having one or more halo atoms bonded thereto such as chloromethyl, bromoethyl, trifluoromethyl, bromodifluoromethyl, and the like.

The term "cycloalkyl" by itself or as a part of another substituent, unless otherwise stated, means carbocyclic structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclonoryl, cyclodecyl, cyclomendecyl, cyclolodecyl, and the like. The term alkenyl means straight and branched chain groups containing at least one carbon to carbon double bond such as propylene, butylene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, nonene, decene, undeene, dodecene, and the like.

The term alkynyl means straight and branched chain groups containing at least one carbon to carbon tripple bond such as propargyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl and the like.

The term "pesticidally or fungicidally effective amount" means a quantity of compound with causes a statistically significant reduction of the pest or fungi or bacteria population as compared to a control group.

The beta-thioacrylamides of the invention can be used in any locus subject to contamination by bacteria or fungi. Typical loci subject to contamination by bacteria are in aqueous systems such as water cooling, laundry wash water, oil/water systems such as cutting oils, oil fields and the like where microorganisms need to be killed or where their growth needs to be controlled.

Specific loci for bacteriostatic application include disinfectants, sanitizers, cleaners, deodorizers, liquid and powder soaps, skin removers, oil and grease removers, food processing chemicals, dairy chemicals, food preservatives, animal food preservatives, paint, lazures, stains, hospital and medical antiseptics, metal working fluids, cooling water, air washers, petroleum production, paper treatment, paper mill slimicides, petroleum products, adhesives, textiles, pigment slurries, latexes, leather and hide treatment, petroleum fuel, jet fuel, laundry sanitizers, agricultural formulations, inks, mining, nonwoven fabrics, petroleum storage, rubber, sugar processing, tobacco, swimming pools, cosmetics, toiletries, pharmaceuticals, chemical toilets, household laundry products, diesel fuel additives, waxes and polishes and other applications where water and organic materials come in contact under conditions which allow the growth of undesired microorganisms. Solutions of beta-thioacrylamides can also applied to a solid substrate, such as fabric, leather, or wood, as a preservative, or admixed with plastics. It is known in the art that the performance of biocides can frequently be enhanced by combination with one or more other biocides. In fact, there have been numerous examples of synergistic combinations of biocides. Thus, other known biocides may be combined advantageously with the beta-thioacrylamides of this invention.

See Industrial Antimicrobial Agents Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Volume 13, for a list of suitable other biocides. More specific industries and applications for the compounds are:

    ______________________________________                                         Industry         Application                                                   ______________________________________                                         Adhesives, Sealants                                                                             Adhesives                                                                      caulks                                                                         sealants                                                      agriculture/food chain                                                                          adjuvant preservation                                                          agricultural active ingredient                                                 agricultural chemical                                                          preservative                                                                   agricultural formulations                                                      preservation                                                                   animal feed preservation                                                       dairy chemicals                                                                fertilizer preservation                                                        food preservation                                                              food processing chemicals                                                      grain preservation                                                             post-harvest produce protection                                                sugar processing                                                               tobacco                                                       Construction products                                                                           asphalt/concrete                                                               cement modifiers                                                               construction products                                                          roof mastics                                                                   synthetic stucco                                                               wall mastics                                                                   joint cement                                                  Cosmetics and toiletries                                                                        cosmetics                                                                      raw materials for cosmetics,                                                   toiletries                                                                     toiletries                                                    Disinfectants, antiseptics                                                                      antiseptic                                                                     disinfectant                                                  Emulsions, dispersions                                                                          aqueous dispersions                                                            dispersed pigments                                                             latex                                                                          photographic emulsions                                                         pigment slurries                                                               polymer latices                                               formulated household                                                                            fabric softeners                                              products         polishes                                                                       waxes                                                                          hand dish detergents                                                           raw materials                                                                  liquid detergents                                                              hand soaps                                                    Industrial processing, misc                                                                     electrodeposition paint, baths,                                                rinses.                                                                        electrodeposition                                                              pre-treatment, post                                                            rinses                                                                         Industrial fluids preservation                                                 pasteurization baths                                                           process aid preservation                                      Industrial water treatment                                                                      air washers                                                                    cooling towers                                                                 cooling water                                                                  water cooling                                                                  preservation/treatment of wood-                                                en cooling tower slats and                                                     structural members                                                             can warmers                                                                    brewery pasteurization                                                         closed loop water cooling systems                             Laundry          household laundry products                                                     laundered goods                                                                laundry wash water                                                             sanitizers-laundry                                            Leather, Leather products                                                                       leather and hide                                                               leather and hide products                                     Lubricant, hydraulic aids                                                                       automotive lubricants and fluids                                               conveyor lubricants                                                            greases                                                                        hydraulic fluids                                                               lubricants                                                    Medical devices  diagnostic enzymes                                                             diagnostic kits                                                                medical devices                                               metalworking & related app's                                                                    cutting fluids                                                                 Metal cleaning                                                                 metalworking fluids                                           Odor control (active                                                                            air conditioning                                              ingredient)      animal bedding                                                                 cat litter                                                                     chemical toilet prep'ns                                                        deodoriziers                                                                   humidifiers                                                                    industrial deodorants                                                          sanitary formulations                                                          toilets bowls                                                 Paints and coatings coating                                                                     emulsions                                                                      paints                                                        Paper and wood pulp,                                                                            absorbant materials of paper                                  their products   and wood pulp                                                                  packaging materials of paper                                                   and wood pulp                                                                  paper                                                                          paper products                                                                 paper treatment                                                                soap wrap                                                                      wood pulp                                                                      wood pulp products                                            paper mill       paper mill slimicides                                                          pulp and paper slurries                                       Petroleum refining, fuels                                                                       aviation fuels (jet fuel, aviation                                             gas)                                                                           crude oils                                                                     burner, diesel and turbine fuel                                                oils                                                                           coal slurries                                                                  diesel fuel additives                                                          diesel fuels                                                                   fuels                                                                          gasoline                                                                       heating oils                                                                   hydrocarbons                                                                   Kerosene                                                                       liquefied petroleum gas                                                        petrochemical feedstocks                                                       petroleum products, storage,                                                   transportation and production                                                  recycled petroleum products                                                    residual fuel oils                                                             turbine oils                                                  Photographic Chemicals                                                                          Photographic processing -                                     and process      wash water, rinses                                                             photoprocessing                                                                Photoplate processing chemicals                                                (developers, stabilizers etc)                                 Printing         Fountain solutions (printing)                                                  Ink components (pigments, resins,                                              solvent, etc)                                                                  Inks                                                          Sanitizers (active)                                                                             sanitizers                                                                     sanitizers-dairy                                                               sanitizers-dental                                                              sanitizers-fermentation                                                        sanitizers-food preparation                                                    sanitizers-food processing                                                     sanitizers-medical                                                             sanitizers-rendering                                                           sanitizers-veterinary                                         Soaps, detergents, cleaners                                                                     cleaners                                                                       detergents                                                                     household cleaners                                                             industrial cleaners                                                            liquid soaps                                                                   oil and grease remover                                                         powdered soaps                                                                 raw materials for cleaning                                                     products                                                                       soaps                                                                          surfactants                                                   Textiles, textile product                                                                       bonded fabrics                                                                 burlap                                                                         canvas                                                                         canvas goods                                                                   carpet backing                                                                 carpets                                                                        clothing                                                                       coated fabrics                                                                 curtains                                                                       draperies                                                                      engineering textiles                                                           fibers                                                                         geotextiles                                                                    goods made of textiles                                                         knitted fabrics                                                                nets                                                                           nonwoven fabrics                                                               rope                                                                           rugs                                                                           textile accessories                                                            textile products                                                               textiles                                                                       upholstery                                                                     woven fabrics                                                                  yarn                                                          Textile processing                                                                              dye fixatives                                                                  dyes                                                                           fiber lubricants                                                               hand modifiers                                                                 sizes                                                                          Textile processing fluids                                     Therapeutic (active or                                                                          animal health/veterinary                                      preservative)    aquaculture                                                                    dental                                                                         human health                                                                   pharmaceutical/therapeutic                                    water purification                                                                              charcoal beds                                                                  deionized resins                                                               filters                                                                        membranes                                                                      reverse osmosis membranes                                                      ultrafilters                                                                   Water purification                                                             water purification pipes, tubing                              wood applications                                                                               lazures (wood stains)                                                          wood                                                                           wood products                                                 Miscellaneous    alcohols                                                                       bedding incorporating water or                                                 gels                                                                           ceramic                                                                        contant lens cases-leaching                                                    electronic circuitry                                                           electronics chemicals                                                          enzymes-food production                                                        enzymes                                                                        enzymes-industrial                                                             gel cushions                                                                   marine antifoulants                                                            mildewcides                                                                    wood                                                                           plastics                                                                       laundry                                                                        mining                                                                         natural rubber latex                                                           oil field injection waters includ-                                             ing enhanced recover injection                                                 fluids, drilling, fracturing                                                   and completion fluids                                                          pipes                                                                          plastics                                                                       polymer systems                                                                polymers and resins (synthetic                                                 and natural)                                                                   reagent preservation                                                           rubber                                                                         rubber products                                                                skin remover                                                                   solid protective/decorative films                                              stains                                                                         swimming pools                                                                 waste treatment                                                                water beds                                                    ______________________________________                                    

The compounds of this invention are useful in the preventative and curative treatment of phytopathogenic fungi, i.e., useful applied either before or after the plant's exposure to a fungus. They are effective against a broad spectrum of fungi, including those of the phycomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes classes. They are particularly effective against rusts, tomato late blight and rice blast. Consequently, various compounds of this invention may be useful in treating fungi which may affect cereal crops, fruit crops and vegetable crops.

The beta-thioacrylamide compounds of the invention can be applied as fungicidal sprays by methods commonly employed, such as conventional high-gallonage hydraulic sprays, low-gallonage sprays, air-blast, aerial sprays and dusts. The dilution and rate of application will depend upon the type of equipment employed, the method and frequency of application desired and diseases to be controlled, but the effective amount for application is usually from about 5 grams (gm) to about 22 kilograms (kg), preferably from about 0.010 to about 1.0 kg per hectare.

As a seed protectant, the amount of fungicide coated on the seed is usually at a dosage rate of about 0.0001 to about 10 grams (gm) and preferably from about 0.1 to about 10 gm per 1 kilogram of seed. As a soil fungicide the beta-thioacrylamides can be incorporated in the soil or applied to the surface usually at a rate of 0.01 to about 22 kg, preferably about 0.05 to about 11 kg and more preferably from about 0.1 to about 3.3 kg per hectare. As a foliar fungicide the beta-thioacrylamides can be applied at a rate of from about 0.01 to about 11 kg, preferably from about 0.02 to about 5.5 kg and more preferably from about 0.1 to about 3.3 kg per hectare.

The present invention is useful for the control of fungi and can be utilized at various loci such as the seed, the soil or the foliage. For such purposes these compounds can be used in the technical or pure form as prepared, as solutions or as formulations. The compounds are usually taken up in a carrier or are formulated so as to render them suitable for subsequent dissemination as fungicides. For example, these beta-thioacrylamides can be formulated as wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, granular formulations, aerosols, or flowable emulsion concentrates. In such formulations, the beta-thioacrylamides are extended with a liquid or solid carrier and, when desired, suitable surfactants are incorporated.

It is usually desirable, particularly in the case of foliar spray formulations, to include adjuvants, such as wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, stickers, adhesives and the like in accordance with agricultural practices. Such adjuvants commonly used in the art can be found in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents, McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents/ Functional Materials and McCutcheon's Functional Materials all published annually by McCutcheon Division of MC Publishing Company (New Jersey). In general, the beta-thioacrylamides of this invention can be dissolved in appropriate solvents such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide and such solutions extended with water. The concentrations of the solution can vary from 1% to 90% with a preferred range being 5 to 50% (weight percentage). For the preparation of emulsifiable concentrates, the beta-thioacrylamides can be dissolved in suitable organic solvents or a mixture of solvents, together with an emulsifying agent which permits dispersion of the fungicide in water. The concentration of the active ingredient in emulsifiable concentrates is usually 10% to 90% and in flowable emulsion concentrates, this can be as high as 75% (weight percent). Water based flowable formulations of the beta-thioacrylamides can be prepared with a concentration of active ingredients in the range of 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight.

A typical flowable formulation is prepared by wet-milling a mixture of 35 parts of beta-thioacrylamides, 10 parts of Barden clay, 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 1 part of an anionic wetting agent and 50 parts of water.

Wettable powders suitable for spraying can be prepared by admixing the beta-thioacrylamide compound with a finely divided solid, such as clays, inorganic silicates and carbonates, and silicas and incorporating wetting agents, sticking agents, and/or dispersing agents in such mixtures. The concentration of active ingredients in such formulations is usually in the range of 5% to 98%, preferably 40% to 75% (weight percent) obtained by blending 50 parts of an active ingredient selected from the S-substituted carbonyl substituted beta-thioacrylamides of Examples 1-120, 45 parts of a synthetic precipitated hydrated silicon dioxide sold under the trademark Hi-Sil, 1 part of an anionic naphthalenic sulfonate wetting agent and 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate (Marasperse N-22). In another preparation of a kaolin type (Barden) clay is used in place of the Hi-Sil in the above wettable powder and in another such preparation 25% of the Hi-Sil is replaced with a synthetic sodium silico aluminate sold under the trademark Zeolex 7. Dusts are prepared by mixing the amides and salts and complexes thereof with finely divided inert solids which can be organic or inorganic in nature. Materials useful for this purpose include botanical flours, silicas, silicates, carbonates, talc and clays. One convenient method of preparing a dust is to dilute a wettable powder with a finely divided carrier. Dust concentrates containing 20% to 80% (weight percent) of the active ingredient are commonly made and are subsequently diluted to 1% to 10% use concentration.

The compounds of the present invention may also be utilized in combination with other fungicides such as:

(a) dithiocarbamates and derivatives such as: ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate (ferbam), zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram), manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (maneb) and its coordination product with zinc ion (mancozeb), zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (zineb), zinc propylenebisdithiocarbamate (propineb), sodium methyldithiocarbamate (metham), tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiram), the complex of zineb and polyethylene thiuram disulfide, 3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-2H-tetrahydrothiadiazine-2-thione (dazomet); and mixtures of these and mixtures with copper salts;

(b) nitrophenol derivatives such as: dinitro-(1-methylheptyl) phenyl crotonate (dinocap), 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl-3,3-dimethylacrylate (binapacryl), and 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl isopropyl carbonate;

(c) heterocyclic structures such as: Systhane (a registered trademark of Rohm and Haas for myclobutanil), triademifon, N-trichloromethylthiotetrahydrophthalimide (captan), N-trichloromethylthiophthalimide (folpet), 2-heptadecyl-2-imidazole acetate (glyodine), 2-octylisothiazolone-3, 2,4-dichloro-6-(o-chloroanilino)-s-triazine, diethyl phthalimidophosphorothioate, 4-butyl-1,2,4-triazole, 5-amino-1-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinyl]-3-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole, 5-ethoxy-3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-thiadizole, 2,3-dicyano-1,4-dithiaanthraquinone (dithianon), 1,3-dithiolo-[4,5-b]quinoxaline-2-thione (thioquinox), methyl 1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate (benomyl), 2-4'-(thiazolyl) benzimidazole (thiabendazole), 4-(2-chlorophenylhydrazono)-3-methyl-5-isoxazolone, 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (vinclozolin), 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-N-(1-methylethyl)-2,4-di-alpha-oxo-1-imidazolinecarboxamide (dichlorophenyl)-1,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboximide (procymidone), beta-(4-chlorophenoxy)-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (triadimenol), 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanone (triadimefon), beta-[(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yloxy]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (bitertanol), 2,3-dichloro-N-(4-fluorophenyl)maleimide (fluoroimide), 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl-methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole, pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate and metal salts thereof, 2,3-dihydro- 5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin-4,4-dioxide, 2,3-dihydro-5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin,alpha-(phenyl)-alpha-(2,l4-dichlorophenyl)-5-pyrimidinyl-methanol (triarimol), cis-N-[(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)thio]-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, 3-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-2-oxycyclohexyl)-2-hydroxy]-glutarimide (cycloheximide), dehydroacetic acid, N-(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylthio)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide (captafol), 5-butyl-2-ethylamino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-pyrimidine (ethirimol), acetate of 4-cyclodecyl-2,6-dimethylmorpholine (dodemorph), and 6-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]-quinoxaline (quinomethionate);

(d) miscellaneous halogenated fungicides such as: tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (chloranil), 2-3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (dichlone), 1,4-dichloro-2,5-dimethoxybenzene (chlorneb), 3,5,6-trichloro-o-anisic acid (tricamba), 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitril (TCPN), 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline (dichloran), 2-chloro-1-nitropropane, polychloronitrobenzenes such as: pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) and tetrafluorodichloroacetone;

(e) fungicidal antibiotics such as: griseofulvin, kasugamycin and streptomycin;

(f) copper-based fungicides such as: copper hydroxide, cuprous oxide, basic cupric chloride, basic copper carbonate, copper terphthalate, copper naphthenate and Bordeaux mixture; and

(g) miscellaneous fungicides such as: diphenyl, sultone, dodecylguanidine acetate (dodine), phenylmercuric acetate, N-ethylmercuri-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-3,6-endomethano-3,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorophthalimide, phenyl-mercuric monoethanol ammonium lactate, p-dimethylaminobenzene sodium sulfonate, methyl isothiocyanate, 1-thiocyano-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 1-phenylthiosemicarbazide, nickel-containing compounds, calcium cyanamide, lime sulfur, 1,2-bis(3-methoxycarbonyl-2-thioureido) benzene (thiophanate-methyl).

Many of the novel S-substituted beta-thioacrylamides of the invention can be prepared by preparing a compound of the formula ##STR5## wherein R₁, R₂, A, Z₁ and Z₂ are as defined herein above. comprising:

A. reducing a compound of the formula ##STR6## with a reducing means so as to form an anion as represented by the following equation: ##STR7##

B. quenching said anion with an A-R₂ -supplying electrophile such as an acid chloride, activated alkyl halide, carbonyl chloride, or an epoxide.

Examples 3, 9, 10, 12, 13, 40, 53, 54, 63 and 68 provide detailed descriptions of the above reaction.

Suitable Y-supplying electrophiles are propionyl chloride, methacryloyl chloride, 2,6-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 3-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride, heptanoyl chloride, 3-chloropropionyl chloride, pivaloyl chloride, phenoxyacetyl chloride, 2-ethylhexanoyl chloride, 2,4,6-trifluorobenzoyl chloride, 4-chlorobutyryl chloride, methyl oxalyl chloride, chloroacetyl chloride, 1-pyrrolidinecarbonyl chloride, 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide, ethyl bromoacetate, 2-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride, 3-bromobenzoyl chloride, dichloroacetyl chloride, methyl D,L-propionate, diphenylcarbamyl chloride, 2,4-dimethylbenzoyl chloride, 3-chloropivaloyl chloride, 4-heptoxybenzoyl chloride, 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-isothiocyanobenzoyl chloride, cyclopropionyl chloride, 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarbonyl chloride, 3-carbomethoxypropionyl chloride, ethyl succinyl chloride, 5-bromo-2-pyridinecarbonyl chloride, 2-naphthoyl chloride, hydrocinnamoyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, methyl 4-(chloroformyl)butyrate, styrylacetyl chloride, 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carbonyl chloride, phenylpropiolyl chloride, 2-octenoyl chloride, 2-cyclopentene-1-acetyl chloride, cyclohexylacetyl chloride, 4-quinolinecarbonyl chloride, 4-nitrocinnamoyl chloride, 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, 2-nitro-3-methoxybenzoyl chloride, 2-methyl-4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 1,4-dihydro-2-methylbenzoyl chloride, 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 3,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzoyl chloride, 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-methylbenzoyl chloride, 2,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarbonyl chloride, methyl 7-(chloroformyl)heptanoate, 5-bromofuroyl chloride, 3,4-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, methyl 8-(chloroformyl)octanoate, methyl 5-(chloroformyl)pentanoate, methyl 9-(chloroformyl)nonanoate, 4-phenoxybutyryl chloride, 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoyl chloride, 4-butylbenzoyl chloride, phenylacetyl chloride, cinnamyl bromide, cinnamoyl chloride, 4-methoxybenzoyl chloride, 5-nitro-2-furoyl chloride, 2,5-dichloro-3-thiophenecarbonyl chloride, benzo(6)thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride, furylacrylic acid*, trans-4-(trifluoromethyl)cinnamic acid*, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthanoic acid*, methoxyacetic acid*, 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid*, nicotinic acid*, fumaric acid, monomethyl ester*, 11-cyanoundecanoic acid*, 2,4-hexadienoic acid*, ethoxyacetic acid*, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylic acid*, vinylacetic acid*, 3-furoic acid*, 4-vinylbenzoic acid*, 3-thiophenecarboxylic acid*, 3-(2-thienyl)acrylic acid*, 3-carboxyphenylisothiocyanate*, pinonic acid*, quinaldic acid*, indole-3-carboxylic acid*, 3-phenylbutyric acid*, 3-phenoxypropionic acid*, 4-phenylbutyric acid*, ferrocenecarboxylic acid*, 2-phenylcinnamic acid*, 4-pentenoic acid*, trans-2-pentenoic acid*, 2-octynoic acid*, 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropane, 2,3-epoxypropyl 4-methoxyphenyl ether, 2-(epoxyethyl)furan, 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride, cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride, 2-bromobenzoyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, 1-cyclohexenecarbonyl chloride, ethylmalonyl chloride, 2-chloropyridine-3-carbonyl chloride, N-chloromethyltriazole, 3-anisoyl chloride, 3-cyclopentylpropionyl chloride, 2-furoyl chloride. (*The acid chloride corresponding to these acids is made in situ as described using either diphenylphosphinic chloride, phenyldichlorophosphate, or diethyl chlorophosphate.)

A reducing means is herein defined as any reducing agent capable of reducing the carbon-sulfur bond of a 4-isothiazoline-3-one to form an amonic structure. Examples of suitable reducing agents are lithium aluminum hydride, lithium triethyl borohydride, and the like.

Another method of producing the compounds of this invention is to react a propiolic acid or propiolic amide with a suitable mercaptan compound. If a propioic acid is used in the above reaction, the propiolic acid sulfide formed thereby is further converted to the corresponding amide, the compound of this invention. Examples 47, 90 and 113 provide detailed descriptions of this method of synthesis.

The following examples will further illustrate this invention, but are not intended to limit it in any way.

The following compounds are examples of this invention.

1. N-octyl-cis-3-(benzoylthio)acrylamide

2. N-octyl-cis-3-(ethylmalonylthio)acrylamide

3. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-fluorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

4. N-octyl-cis-3-(cyclohexanecarbonylthio)acrylamide

5. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-bromobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

6. N-octyl-cis-3-[3-(2-chloropyridine)carbonylthio]acrylamide

7. N-octyl-cis-3-[1-(1,2,4-triazoyl)methylthio]acrylamide

8. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-methoxybenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

9. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-cyclohexene)carbonylthio]acrylamide

10. N-octyl-cis-3-(propanoylthio)acrylamide

11. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-cyclopentanepropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

12. N-octyl-cis-3-(phenylacetylthio)acrylamide

13. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-phenylprop-2-ene)thio]acrylamide

14. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl)thio]acrylamide

15. N-octyl-cis-3-(2-furoylthio)acrylamide

16. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-methoxybenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

17. N-octyl-cis-3-[(5-nitro-2-furoyl)thio]acrylamide

18. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,5-dichloro-3-thiophene)carbonylthio]acrylamide

19. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-benzo(6)thiophene)carbonylthio]acrylamide

20. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-butenoyl)thio]acrylamide

21. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

22. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-(chloromethyl)benzoyl)thio]acrylamide

23. N-octyl-cis-3-(octanoylthio)acrylamide

24. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-chloropropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

25. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1,1-dimethylpropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

26. N-octyl-cis-3-(phenoxyacetylthio)acrylamide

27. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-ethylhexanoyl)thio]acrylamide

28. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,4,6-trifluorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

29. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-chlorobutanoyl)thio]acrylamide

30. N-octyl-cis-3-(methyloxalylthio)acrylamide

31. N-octyl-cis-3-(chloroacetylthio)acrylamide

32. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-pyrrolidine)carbonylthio]acrylamide

33. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)thio]acrylamide

34. N-octyl-cis-3-(ethoxycarbonylmethanethio)acrylamide

35. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-(chloromethyl)benzoyl)thio]acrylamide

36. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-bromobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

37. N-octyl-cis-3-(dichloroacetylthio)acrylamide

38. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-methoxycarbonylethane)thio]acrylamide

39. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propane)thio]acrylamide

40. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-2-propane)thio]acrylamide

41. N-octyl-cis-3-(diphenylaminocarbonylthio)acrylamide

42. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-furan)-2-hydroxyethane)thio]acrylamide

43. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,4-dimethylbenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

44. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,2-dimethyl-3-chloropropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

45. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-heptoxybenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

46. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-nitrobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

47. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethane)thio]acrylamide

48. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-isothiocyanobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

49. N-octyl-cis-3-(cyclopropanecarbonylthio)acrylamide

50. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-methyl-2-thiophene)carbonylthio]acrylamide

51. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-methoxycarbonylpropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

52. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-ethoxycarbonylpropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

53. N-octyl-cis-3-[(5-bromo-2-pyridine)carbonylthio]acrylamide

54. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3,5-dichlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

55. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-pyridine)carbonylthio]acrylamide

56. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-naphthanoyl)thio]acrylamide

57. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-propenoyl)thio]acrylamide

58. N-octyl-cis-3-[(11-cyanoundecanoyl)thio]acrylamide

59. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoyl)thio]acrylamide

60. N-octyl-cis-3-(ethoxyacetylthio)acrylamide

61. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-methyl-2-pyrrole)carbonylthio]acrylamide

62. N-octyl-cis-3-(3-furoylthio)acrylamide

63. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-butenoyl)thio]acrylamide

64. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-ethenylbenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

65. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-thiophene)carbonylthio]acrylamide

66. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-(2-thiophene)propenoyl)thio]acrylamide

67. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-cyanobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

68. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-(2-furan)propenoyl)thio]acrylamide

69. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-phenylpropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

70. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propenoyl)thio]acrylamide

71. N-octyl-cis-3-(propenoylthio)acrylamide

72. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-quinoline)carbonylthio]acrylamide

73. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-isoquinoline)carbonylthio]acrylamide

74. N-octyl-cis-3-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-2-oyl)thio]acrylamide

75. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,2-dimethyl-3-acetylcyclobutane)carbonylthio]acrylamide

76. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-quinoline)carbonylthio]acrylamide

77. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-indole)carbonylthio]acrylamide

78. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-phenylbutanoyl)thio]acrylamide

79. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-phenoxypropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

80. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-phenylbutanoyl)thio]acrylamide

81. N-octyl-cis-3-(ferrocenecarbonylthio)acrylamide

82. N-octyl-cis-3-[(cis-2,3-diphenylpropenoyl)thio]acrylamide

83. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-pentenoyl)thio]acrylamide

84. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-2-pentenoyl)thio]acrylamide

85. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-methoxycarbonylbutanoyl)thio]acrylamide

86. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-octynoyl)thio]acrylamide

87. N-octyl-cis-3-(methoxyacetylthio)acrylamide

88. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-phenylbut-3-enoyl)thio]acrylamide

89. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carbonyl)thio]acrylamide

90. N-cyclododecyl-cis-3-(acetylthio)acrylamide

91. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-phenylpropanoyl)thio]acrylamide

92. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-2-octenoyl)thio]acrylamide

93. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-cyclopentene)acetylthio]acrylamide

94. N-octyl-cis-3-(cyclohexaneacetylthio)acrylamide

95. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-quinoline)carbonylthio]acrylamide

96. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-(4-nitrophenyl)propenoyl)thio]acrylamide

97. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

98. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-nitro-3-methoxybenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

99. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-methyl-4-nitrobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

100. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

101. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene)carbonylthio]acrylamide

102. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,3-dichlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

103. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3,4-dichlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

104. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-nitro-4-chlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

105. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

106. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-methylbenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

107. N-octyl-cis-3-[(2,5-dinitrobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

108. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-chloro-3-pyridine)carbonylthio]acrylamide

109. N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans,trans-5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienoyl)thio]acrylamide

110. N-octyl-cis-3-[(7-methoxycarbonylheptanoyl)thio]acrylamide

111. N-octyl-cis-3-[(5-bromo-2-furoyl)thio]acrylamide

112. N-octyl-cis-3-[(3,4-dinitrobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

113. N-(2-propynyl)-cis-3-(benzoylthio)acrylamide

114. N-(1,1,4,4-tetramethylbutyl)-cis-3-(benzoylthio)acrylamide

115. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-butylbenzoyl)thio]acrylamide

116. N-[2-(4-morpholine)ethyl]-cis-3-(benzoylthio)acrylamide

117. N-octyl-cis-3-[(8-methoxycarbonyloctanoyl)thio]acrylamide

118. N-octyl-cis-3-[(5-methoxycarbonylpentanoyl)thio]acrylamide

119. N-octyl-cis-3-[(9-methoxycarbonylnonanoyl)thio]acrylamide

120. N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-phenoxybutanoyl)thio]acrylamide

Melting points for appropriate compounds are listed below in Table 1:

                  TABLE 1                                                          ______________________________________                                                               Method of Preparation                                    mp (°C.)                                                                           Compound # Example #                                                ______________________________________                                         87-91      3          3                                                        81-82      4          3                                                        93-97      7          9                                                        67-71      9          9                                                        68-70      10         10                                                       108-111    13         13                                                       84-87      14         13                                                       101-102    16         13                                                       128-130    17         13                                                       75-77      18         13                                                       115-118    19         13                                                       91-92      21         10                                                       88-90      22         10                                                       79-82      23         10                                                       45-47      25         10                                                       95-99      26         10                                                       93-98      28         10                                                       73-74      29         10                                                       103-105    32         10                                                       86-88      33         10                                                       78-80      36         10                                                       77-80      40         40                                                       151-155    41         10                                                        99-101    43         10                                                       57-59      44         10                                                       117-118    45         10                                                       105-109    46         10                                                       102-104    49         10                                                       68-70      51         10                                                       59-61      52         10                                                        99-102    54         54                                                       66-68      55         54                                                       96-99      56         10                                                       92-95      57         54                                                       77-78      58         54                                                       104-106    59         54                                                       65-69      60         54                                                       60-62      63         63                                                       103-104    65         63                                                       94-98      67         63                                                       86-92      68         68                                                       56-59      69         10                                                       114-118    70         68                                                       118-121    72         68                                                       81-84      74         68                                                       47-52      75         63                                                       119-122    76         63                                                       125-128    77         63                                                       73-77      80         63                                                       114-116    81         63                                                       89-94      82         63                                                       79-81      83         63                                                       60-62      84         63                                                       107-109    88         10                                                       60-63      92         10                                                       55-57      93         10                                                       61-64      94         10                                                       80-86      95         10                                                       149-152    97         10                                                       98-99      98         10                                                       102-105    99         10                                                       86-88      100        10                                                       56-58      102        10                                                       116-120    104        10                                                       90-93      106        10                                                       130-134    107        10                                                       100-102    108        10                                                       132-134    109        10                                                       134-136    111        10                                                       108-111    112        10                                                       131-134    113        113                                                      51-52      117        10                                                       72-74      118        10                                                       70-71      120        10                                                       ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 3

To a stirred slurry of 0.11 g (0.003 mol) of lithium aluminum hydride in 20 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added a solution of 2.13 g (0.01 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 5 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran dropwise over a 5 min period. After 30 min this solution was used in the following step.

To a stirred solution of 1.59 g (0.01 mol) of 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride in 20 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added the solution prepared above in the first step. After 12 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was poured into 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid and was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, brine and dried over magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave a mixture of the cis and trans isomers. Separation by flash column chromatography (Merck 60® silica gel, 10% to 25% ethyl acetate/hexane eluant) gave 0.73 g (22% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(4-fluorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide as a pale yellow solid, m.p. 87°-91° C., as reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was used to make other analogs by the replacement of 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride with one of the following reagents: benzoyl chloride, cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride, and 2-bromobenzoyl chloride, to give compounds of examples 1,4, and 5, respectively.

EXAMPLE 9

To a stirred solution of 1.06 g (0.005 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 5 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added 5.0 ml (0.005 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium triethylborohydride in tetrahydrofuran dropwise over a 5 min period. After 30 min this solution was used in the following step.

To a stirred solution of 0.72 g (0.005 mol) of 1-cyclohexenecarbonyl chloride in 20 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added the solution prepared above in the first step. After 12 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was poured into 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid and was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, brine and dried over magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave a mixture of the cis and trans isomers. Separation by flash column chromatography (Merck 60® silica gel, 25% ethyl acetate/hexane eluant) gave 0.40 g (25% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-cyclohexene)carbonylthio]acrylamide as a white solid, m.p. 67°-71° C., as described in Table 1.

The above procedure was repeated with the replacement of 1-cyclohexenecarbonyl chloride with one of the following: ethylmalonyl chloride, 2-chloropyridine-3-carbonyl chloride, N-chloromethyltriazole, 3-anisoyl chloride, 3-cyclopentylpropionyl chloride, and 2-furoyl chloride to give compounds of examples 2, 6-8, 11, and 15, respectively.

EXAMPLE 10

To a cooled (0° C.), stirred solution of 21.3 g (0.10 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 400 ml of anhydrous ethyl ether was added dropwise 30 ml (0.03 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran over a 20 min period. After the addition the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hr. Over a 15 min period 8.96 ml (0.10 mol) of propionyl chloride was added. After this addition the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 12 hr the reaction mixture was a white solid suspended in an orange solution. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with 300 ml of ethyl acetate and washed once with 300 ml of 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid. The organic layer was set aside and the aqueous layer was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water until the washes were neutral in pH, washed with brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave N-octyl-cis-3-(propanoylthio)acrylamide as an oil which crystallized upon standing. These crude crystals were recrystallized from ethyl ether/hexane to give 16 g (59% yield) as white crystals, m.p. 68°-70° C., and is reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was used to make other compounds by replacing propionyl chloride with methacryloyl chloride, 2,6-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 3-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride, heptanoyl chloride, 3-chloropropionyl chloride, pivaloyl chloride, phenoxyacetyl chloride, 2-ethylhexanoyl chloride, 2,4,6-trifluorobenzoyl chloride, 4-chlorobutyryl chloride, methyl oxalyl chloride, chloroacetyl chloride, 1-pyrrolidinecarbonyl chloride, 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl bromide, ethyl bromoacetate, 2-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride, 3-bromobenzoyl chloride, dichloroacetyl chloride, methyl D,L-propionate, diphenylcarbamyl chloride, 2,4-dimethylbenzoyl chloride, 3-chloropivaloyl chloride, 4-heptoxybenzoyl chloride, 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-isothiocyanobenzoyl chloride, cyclopropionyl chloride, 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarbonyl chloride, 3-carbomethoxypropionyl chloride, ethyl succinyl chloride, 5-bromo-2-pyridinecarbonyl chloride, 2-naphthoyl chloride, hydrocinnamoyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, methyl 4-(chloroformyl)butyrate, styrylacetyl chloride, 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carbonyl chloride, phenylpropiolyl chloride, 2-octenoyl chloride, 2-cyclopentene-1-acetyl chloride, cyclohexylacetyl chloride, 4-quinolinecarbonyl chloride, 4-nitrocinnamoyl chloride, 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, 2-nitro-3-methoxybenzoyl chloride, 2-methyl-4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 1,4-dihydro-2-methylbenzoyl chloride, 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 3,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzoyl chloride, 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-methylbenzoyl chloride, 2,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-chloro-3-pyridinecarbonyl chloride, 5-pheylpenta-2,4-dienoyl chloride, methyl 7-(chloroformyl)heptanoate, 5-bromofuroyl chloride, 3,4-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-butylbenzoyl chloride, methyl 8-(chloroformyl)octanoate, methyl 5-(chloroformyl)pentanoate, methyl 9-(chloroformyl)nonanoate, and 4-phenoxybutyryl chloride, to give the compounds of examples 20-38, 41, 43-46, 48-52, 56, 69, 71, 85, 88, 89, 91-112, 115 and 117- 120, respectively.

EXAMPLE 12

To a cooled (-78° C.), stirred solution of 2.0 g (0.0094 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 50 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added dropwise 2.82 ml (0.0028 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran over a 20 min. period. After the addition the mixture was stirred at -78° C. for 1 hr. Over a 15 min period 1.24 ml (0.0094 mol) of phenylacetyl chloride was added. After this addition the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 12 hr the reaction mixture was a white solid suspended in an orange solution. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed once with aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was set aside and the aqueous layer was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed once with water, with brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave N-octyl-cis-3 -(phenylacetylthio)acrylamide as an oil which crystallized upon standing to give 3.0 g (96% yield) of a white solid whose NMR is reported in Table 2.

EXAMPLE 13

To a stirred solution of 2.0 g (0.0094 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 100 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added dropwise at room temperature 2.8 ml of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was stirred for 15 min and then 1.85 g (0.0094 mol) of cinnamyl bromide was added. After 12 h the mixture was poured into 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid which resulted in the immediate precipitation of the product as a white solid. The solid was collected by suction-filtration, washed several times with water, and air-dried to give 1.5 g (48% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-phenylprop-2-ene)thio]acrylamide as a white, fluffy solid, m.p. 108°-111° C., and is reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was used to make other compounds by substituting one of the following for cinnamyl bromide: cinnamoyl chloride, 4-methoxybenzoyl chloride, 5-nitro-2-furoyl chloride, 2,5-dichloro-3-thiophenecarbonyl chloride, and benzo(6)thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride to give the compounds of examples 14 and 16-19, respectively.

EXAMPLE 40

To a cooled (0° C.), stirred solution of 2.13 g (0.010 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 40 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added dropwise 3.0 ML (0.003 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran over a 20 min period. After the addition the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hr. Over a 15 min period a solution of 1.5 g (0.01 mol) of 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropane in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added. After this addition the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 12 hr the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed once with aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was set aside and the aqueous layer was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed once with water, with brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave 2.8 g (80% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(1-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-2-propane)thio]acrylamide as a pale yellow solid, m.p. 77°-80° C., as reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was repeated with the substitution of one of the following epoxides for the 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropane: 2,3-epoxypropyl 4-methoxyphenyl ether or 2-(epoxyethyl)furan to give compounds of examples 39 and 42, respectively.

EXAMPLE 47

To a stirred, cooled (-30° C.) solution of 18.42 g (0.143 mol) of n-octylamine in 25 ml of aqueous methanol was added 10 g (0.119 mol) of methyl propiolate dropwise. After the addition the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 12 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, brine, and dried over magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave a crude mixture which was purified by column chromatography (Merck 60® silica gel, 25% ethyl acetate/hexane eluant) to give N-octylpropiolamide.

To a stirred solution of 1.0 g (0.0083 mol) of L-cysteine in 10 ml of absolute ethanol was added 8.09 g (0.025 mol) of a 21 wt % solution of sodium ethoxide in absolute ethanol. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min and then cooled to 0° C. To the mixture was added a solution of 1.5 g (0.0083 mol) of N-octylpropiolamide in 10 ml of absolute ethanol. After 1 h the mixture was diluted with ethanol and water and filtered. The filtrate was acidified with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, water, and brine. Removal of solvents gave 0.37 g (15% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethane)thio]acrylamide as a white powder whose NMR is reported in Table 2.

EXAMPLE 54

To a cooled (0° C.), stirred solution of 0.85 g (0.004 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 20 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added 1.19 ml (0.0012 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 20 min and then used in the next step as described below.

To a stirred, cooled (0° C.) slurry of 0.048 g (0.002 mol) of hexane-washed sodium hydride in 5 ml of anhydrous dimethoxyethane under nitrogen was added dropwise a solution of 0.382 g (0.002 mol) of 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid in 5 ml of anhydrous dimethoxyethane. After 15 min was added 0.45 ml (0.003 mol) of phenyldichlorophosphate dropwise with stirring. After 30 min the tetrahydrofuran solution prepared in the first step was added. After 15 min at 0° C. the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 12 h. The mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed once with 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide, once with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid, once with water, brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave a crude solid which was purified by flash-column chromatography (Merck 60® silica gel, ethyl acetate/hexane eluant) to give 0.34 g (44% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(3,5 -dichlorobenzoyl)thio]acrylamide as a pale yellow solid, m.p. 99°-102° C., as reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was repeated with one of the following carboxylic acids replacing 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid: nicotinic acid; furmaric acid, monoethyl ester; 11-cyanoundecanoic acid, 2,4-hexadienoic acid, ethoxyacetic acid, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolecarboxylic acid to give the compounds of examples 55 and 57-61, respectively.

EXAMPLE 63

To a cooled (0° C.), stirred solution of 2.13 g (0.010 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 20 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added 2.05 ml (0.002 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 20 min and then used in the next step as described below.

To a stirred, cooled (0° C.) slurry of 0.26 g (0.011 mol) of hexane-washed sodium hydride in 5 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added dropwise a solution of 0.86 ml (0.010 mol) of vinylacetic acid in 5 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After 15 min was added 1.59 ml (0.011 mol) of diethyl chlorophosphate dropwise with stirring. After 30 min the tetrahydrofuran solution prepared in the first step was added. After 15 min at 0° C. the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 12 h. The mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed once with 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide, once with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid, once with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave a crude mixture which was purified by chromatography (Merck 60 silica gel, 25% ethyl acetate/hexane eluant) to give 0.61 g (22% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(3-butenoyl)thio]acrylamide as a white solid, m.p. 60°-62° C., as reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was repeated with the substitution of one of the following acids for the vinylacetic acid: 3-furoic acid, 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 3-thiophenecarboxylic acid, 3-(2-thienyl)acrylic acid, 3-carboxyphenylisothiocyanate, pinonic acid, quinaldic acid, indole-3-carboxylic acid, 3-phenylbutyric acid, 3-phenoxypropionic acid, 4-phenylbutyric acid, ferrocenecarboxylic acid, 2-phenylcinnamic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, trans-2-pentenoic acid, and 2-octynoic acid to give the compounds of examples 62, 64-67, 75-84, and 86, respectively.

EXAMPLE 68

To a cooled (0° C.), stirred solution of 2.0 g (0.0094 mol) of 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in 25 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added 2.6 ml (0.0026 mol) of a 1.0M solution of lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 20 min and then used in the next step as described below.

To 0.226 g (0.0094 mol) of hexane-washed sodium hydride in 15 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was added dropwise a solution of 1.3 g (0.0094 mol) of furylacrylic acid in 35 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After hydrogen evolution had ceased the mixture was heated to reflux for 1.5 hr and then cooled to 0° C. To this cooled solution was added 1.79 ml (0.0094 mol) of diphenylphosphinic chloride dropwise with stirring. After 5 min the mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then cooled once again to 0° C. and the tetrahydrofuran solution prepared in the first step was added. After 15 min at 0° C. the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 12 hr. The mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed once with 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide, once with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid, once with water, brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave yellow crystals which were triturated with 5% ethyl acetate/hexane to afford 1.74 g (55% yield) of N-octyl-cis-3-[(trans-3-(2-furan)propenoyl)thio]acrylamide as a powder, m.p. 86°-92° C., and is reported in Table 1.

The above procedure was employed to make other compounds by using one of the following carboxylic acids instead of furylacetic acid: trans-4-(trifluoromethyl)cinnamic acid, quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, isoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthanoic acid, and methoxyacetic acid to give the compounds of examples 70, 72-74, and 87, respectively.

EXAMPLE 90

To a stirred, cooled (0° C.) solution of 1.0 ml (0.01625 mol) of propiolic acid in 12 ml of absolute ethanol under nitrogen was added 0.22 ml (0.0016 mol) of triethylamine. After 5 min, 1.45 ml (0.0203 mol) of thioacetic acid was added. After 20 h at 0° C. the reaction mixture was stripped of solvents to give 2.8 g of cis-3-(acetylthio)propenoic acid as a waxy solid. This product was used in the next step without further purification.

To a mixture of 2.8 g (0.0162 mol) of cis-3-(acetylthio)propenoic acid and 0.1 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide in 50 ml of toluene under nitrogen was added 2.84 ml (0.0325 mol) of oxalyl chloride. After 3 h the solvents were removed to give cis-3-(acetylthio)propenoyl chloride. This crude product was used in the next step without any further purification.

To a stirred, cooled (0° C.) solution of 3.0 g (0.0162 mol) of cis-3-(acetylthio)propenoyl chloride in 30 ml of dichloromethane under nitrogen was added dropwise 2.98 g (0.0163 mol) of cyclododecylamine as a solution in 30 ml of dichloromethane. After 15 min, 2.27 ml (0.0163 mol) of triethylamine was added dropwise. After 12 h the reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted three times with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with water, brine, and dried over magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave 4.5 g of a 2:1 mixture of cis and trans isomers as a tan solid. Purification by flash column chromatography (Merck 60® silica gel, ethyl acetate/hexane eluant) gave 0.5 g (10% yield) of N-cyclododecyl-cis-3-(acetylthio)acrylamide as a white powder where NMR is reported in Table 2.

EXAMPLE 113

To a stirred, cooled (0° C.) solution of 15.4 ml (0.25 mol) of propiolic acid in 200 ml of absolute ethanol under nitrogen was added 3.48 ml (0.025 mol) of triethylamine. After 5 min, 33 ml (0.28 mol) of thiobenzoic acid was added very cautiously and dropwise. The exothermic reaction led to the ethanol reaching reflux despite the ice-water bath. After 15 min a solid precipitated from the orange solution. After 2 h at 0° C. the reaction mixture was filtered and the solid was washed twice with absolute ethanol and twice with chloroform to afford 18.3 g (35% yield of cis-3-(benzoylthio)propenoic acid as a white powder.

To a mixture of 7.0 g (0.0336 mol) of cis-3-(benzoylthio)propenoic acid and 0.5 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide in 100 ml of dichloromethane under nitrogen was added 2.93 ml (0.0336 mol) of oxalyl chloride. After 12 h the solvents were removed to give 7.5 g (99% yield) of cis-3-(benzoylthio)propenoyl chloride as a pale yellow solid.

To a stirred, cooled (0° C.) solution of 0.70 g (0.0039 mol) of cis-3-(benzoylthio)propenoyl chloride in 40 ml of dichloromethane under nitrogen was added dropwise 0.21 ml (0.0039 mol) of propargylamine as a solution in 10 ml of dichloromethane. After 15 min, 0.43 ml (0.0039 mol) of triethylamine was added dropwise. The reaction was allowed to stir at 0° C. for 2 h, poured into 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid, and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water, brine, and dried over magnesium sulfate. Filtration and removal of solvents gave 0.49 g (65% yield) of N-(2-propynyl)-cis-3-(benzoylthio)acrylamide as a white powder, m.p. 131°-134° C., as described in Table 1.

The above procedure was used for other analogs by replacing the propargylamine with one of the following amines: 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylamine, and 4-(aminoethyl)morpholine to give compounds of examples 114 and 116, respectively.

                                      TABLE 2                                      __________________________________________________________________________     PROTON NMR DATA FOR CERTAIN EXAMPLES                                           {200 MHz, delta scale in ppm, tetramethylsilane (TMS)                          standard, Chloroform-d (CDCL.sub.3) solvent unless                             otherwise noted}                                                               Compound                         Method of Preparation                         No.                              Example No.                                   __________________________________________________________________________     1     0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.57(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 6.1(br t,                                                   3H),                                                6.1(d, 1H), 7.43-7.7(m, aromatic H), 7.9(d, 1H), 8.1(m,                        aromatic H).                                                             2     0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.6(m), 3.3(br q, 2H), 3.7(s,                                                     9H),                                                4.2(q, 2H), 6.35(d, 1H), 7.45(br t, 1H), 7.55(d, 1H).                    5     0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.6(m), 3.3(m, 2H), 6.2(d,                                                        3H),                                                6.4(br t, 1H), 7.3-8.0(m, aromatic H), 7.75(d, 1H).                      6     0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.5-1.6(m), 3.3(br q, 2H), 6.4(d,                                                 9H),                                                7.25(br t, 1H), 7.45(m, aromatic H), 7.75(d, 1H),                              8.1(d, aromatic H), 8.57(d, aromatic H).                                 8     0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.5-1.6(m), 3.35(br q, 2H),                                                       9.85(s,                                             3H), 6.2(d, 1H), 6.35(br t, 1H), 7.15(d, aromatic H), 7.4(t,                   aromatic H), 7.55(d, aromatic H), 7.7(d, aromatic H),                          7.9(d, 1H).                                                              11    0.9(t, 3H), 1.0(m), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.5-1.8(m), 2.6(m,                                                        9H),                                                3.25(q, 2H), 6.05(d, 1H), 6.5(br t, 1H), 7.55(d, 1H).                    12    0.8(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m, 12H), 3.2(q, 2H), 3.92(s, 2H),                                                     12                                                  6.0(br s, 1H), 6.02(d, 1H), 7.3(s, 5H), 7.6(d, 1H).                      15    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.3(q, 2H), 6.3(d, 1H), 6.6(m,                                                    9                                                   aromatic H), 6.65(br m, 1H), 7.38(d, aromatic H),                              7.7(d, aromatic H), 7.83(d, 1H).                                         20    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.0(d, H), 3.3(q, 2H), 5.75(m,                                                    10),                                                6.1(d, 1H), 6.15(br t, 1H), 6.25(d, 1H), 7.73(d, 1H).                    24    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.0-3.3(m, 2H), 3.35(q, 2H),                                                      10                                                  3.7-3.9(m, 2H), 6.1(d, 1H), 7.65(d, 1H).                                 27    0.9(m, 9H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.4-1.9(m), 2.6(m, 1H),                                                           10                                                  3.35(q, 2H), 6.0(br t, 1H), 6.05(d, 1H), 7.7(d, 1H).                     30    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H),                                                         10                                                  6.1(br t, 1H), 6.2(d, 1H), 7.6(d, 1H).                                   31    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 4.3(s, 2H),                                                          10                                                  6.50(d, 1H), 6.15(br t, 1H), 7.6(d, 1H).                                 34    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.3(q, 2H), 3.35(s, 2H),                                                          10                                                  3.75(s, 3H), 5.95(d, 1H), 6.3(br t, 1H), 6.95(d, 1H).                    35    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.3(q, 2H), 4.9(s, 2H),                                                           10                                                  6.25(d, 1H), 6.55(br t, 1H), 7.4-7.6(m), 7.8d(1H),                             8.0(d, aromatic H).                                                      37    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(2H), 6.1(s, 1H),                                                             10                                                  6.3(d, 1H), 6.45(br t, 1H), 7.55(d, 1H).                                 38    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.5(m), 1.5(d, 3H),                                                               10                                                  3.3(q, 2H), 3.55(q, 1H), 3.75s, 3H), 5.9(d, 1H),                               6.05(br t, 1H), 7.1(d, 1H).                                              39    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.85-3.1(m, 2H), 3.25(q, 2H),                                                     40                                                  3.75(s, 3H), 4.0(d, 2H), 4.15(m, 1H), 5.8(d, 1H),                              5.8(br t, 1H), 6.35(s, aromatic H), 6.9(d, 1H),                                7.4(s, aromatic H)                                                       42    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.25(q, 2H), 3.9-4.3(m, 3H),                                                      40                                                  5.85(d, 1H), 5.95(br t, 1H), 6.35(s, aromatic H),                              6.9(d, 1H), 7.4(s, aromatic H).                                          47*   0.6(t, 3H), 0.8-1.4(m), 2.6(m, 1H), 2.9(m, 1H),                                                           47                                                  3.0(m, 2H), 3.2(m, 1H), 5.9(d, 1H), 6.8(d, 1H).                          48    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 5.85(br t, 1H),                                                      10                                                  6.15(d, 1H), 7.3(d, aromatic H), 7.85(d, 1H),                                  8.1(d, aromatic H).                                                      50    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.6(s, 3H), 3.45(br q, 2H),                                                       10                                                  6.3(d, 1H), 6.8(br m, 1H), 7.0(d, aromatic H),                                 7.5(d, aromatic H), 7.85(1H).                                            53    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 6.0(br t, 1H),                                                       54                                                  6.25(d, 1H), 7.85(d, 1H), 8.5(s, 1H),                                          8.9(s, 1H), 9.2(s, 1H).                                                  61    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 3.95(s, 3H),                                                         54                                                  6.0(br t, 1H), 6.1(d, 1H), 6.15(m, aromatic H),                                6.9(m, aromatic H), 7.3(m, aromatic H), 7.85(d, 1H).                     62    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 6.1(m, 1H),                                                          63                                                  6.15(d, 1H), 6.9(s, aromatic H), 7.55(m, aromatic H),                          7.85(d, 1H), 8.25(m, aromatic H).                                        64    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 5.5(m, 1H),                                                          63                                                  5.8-6.0(m, 1H), 6.0(br t, 1H), 6.2(d, 1H), 6.7-6.9(m, 1H),                     7.5(m, aromatic H), 7.9(d, 1H), 8.0-8.2(m, aromatic H).                  66    0.9(t 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 5.8(br t, 1H),                                                        63                                                  6.1(d, 1H), 6.6(d, 1H), 7.1(m, aromatic H),                                    7.35(d, aromatic H), 7.5(d, aromatic H),                                       7.35(d, aromatic H), 7.5(d, aromatic H),                                       7.85(d, 1H), 7.95(d, 1H).                                                71    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.3(q, 2H), 5.8(m, 1H),                                                           10                                                  5.85(m, 1H), 6.08(d, 1H), 6.5(m, 2H), 7.75(d, 1H).                       73    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), (br t, 1H),                                                          68                                                  6.15(d, 1H), 7.8(m, aromatic H), 7.9(m, aromatic H),                           7.95(d, 1H), 8.65(m, aromatic H), 9.2(m, aromatic H).                    78    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.45(m, 2H), 2.8(m, 2H),                                                          63                                                  3.35(q, 2H), 5.1(m, 2H), 5.8(m, 1H), 5.9(m, 1H),                               6.05(d, 1H), 7.65(d, 1H).                                                79    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.1(t, 2H), 3.3(q, 2H),                                                           63                                                  4.3(t, 2H), 5.95(br t, 1H), 6.05(d, 1H), 6.95(m),                              7.3(m), 7.65(d, 1H).                                                     85    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.05(m, 2H), 2.4(t, 2H),                                                          10                                                  2.75(t, 2H), 3.3(q, 2H), 3.7(s, 3H), 6.0(br t, 1H),                            6.05(d, 1H), 7.65(d, 1H).                                                86    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.45 (m, 2H), 3.35(q, 2H),                                                        63                                                  5.95(br s, 1H), 6.05(d, 1H), 7.75(d, 1H).                                87    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.4(q, 2H), 3.5(s, 3H),                                                           68                                                  4.2(s, 2H), 5.95(m, 1H), 6.1(d, 1H), 7.65(d, 1H).                        89    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.4(m), 1.5(s, 6H), 2.6(s, 2H),                                                           10                                                  3.35(q, 2H), 5.9(br m, 1H), 6.15(m, 1H),                                       6.15(d, 1H), 7.75(d, 1H).                                                90    1.0-1.8(m, 22H), 2.42(s, 3H), 4.12(m, 1H),                                                                90                                                  5.5(br d, 1H), 5.95(d, 1H), 7.6(d, 1H).                                  91    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.4(q, 2H), 5.75(br t, 1H),                                                       10                                                  6.05(d, 1H), 7.3-7.7(m, aromatic H), 7.8 (d, 1H).                        96    0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 5.9(br t, 1H),                                                       10                                                  6.1(d, 1H), 6.9(d, 1H), 7.8(d, 1H), 7.8(d, 1H),                                7.8(m, aromatic H), 8.3(m, aromatic H).                                  101   0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 2.7(s, 3H), 2.9(m), 3.3(q,                                                        10),                                                3.9(m, 1H), 5.4-6.0(m, 1H), 5.9(br s, 1H),                                     6.0(d, 1H), 7.6(d, 1H).                                                  103   0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.4(q, 2H), 6.0(br s, 1H),                                                        10                                                  6.2(d, 1H), 7.6(d, aromatic H), 7.85(d, 1H),                                   7.9(m, aromatic H), 8.2(m, aromatic H).                                  105   0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.6(m), 3.35(q, 2H), 4.0(s, 3H),                                                          10                                                  5.9(br t, 1H), 6.2(d, 1H), 7.6-7.9(m, aromatic H),                             7.85(d, 1H).                                                             110   0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.7(m), 2.3(t, 2H), 2.7(t, 2H),                                                           10                                                  3.3(q, 2H), 3.7(s, 3H), 6.1(d, 1H), 6.1(br s, 1H),                             7.6(d, 1H).                                                              114   1.0(s, 9H), 1.5(s, 6H), 1.8(s, 2H), 5.5(br s, 1H),                                                        113                                                 6.05(d, 1H), 7.4-7.6(m, aromatic H), 7.85(d, 1H),                              8.1(m, aromatic H).                                                      115   0.85(dt, 3H), 1.1-1.7(m), 2.68(t, 2H), 3.35(q, 2H),                                                       10                                                  6.05(br t, 1H), 6.18(d, 1H), 7.3(d, aromatic H),                               7.9(d, 1H), 8.02(d, aromatic H).                                         116   2.5(m), 3.5(q, 2H), 3.8(m), 6.2(d, 1H),                                                                   113                                                 6.4(br s, 1H), 7.5-7.7(m, aromatic H),                                         7.95(d, 1H), 8.1(m, aromatic H).                                         119   0.9(t, 3H), 1.1-1.8(m), 2.3(t), 2.7(t), 3.35(q, 2H),                                                      10                                                  3.7(s, 3H), 5.7(br t, 1H), 6.0(d, 1H), 7.65(d, 1H).                      __________________________________________________________________________      *D.sub.2 O and NaOD used as solvent and internal standard.               

EXAMPLE A: BIOCIDE TEST PROCEDURES

A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value is obtained using a broth, two-fold serial dilution test performed as follows: A stock solution or dispersion of the test compound, typically at a concentration of 1%, is made in a 5:3:2 solvent solution of acetone, methanol, and water. A volume of the stock solution is dispensed into culture media to give an initial starting test concentration of 500 ppm compound.

When the test is ready to be done, each vessel in the dilution series, except the first vessel, contains an equal volume of compound free broth. The first vessel contains twice the volume of broth with the starting concentration of test compound. One half of the broth from the first vessel is transferred to the second vessel. After being mixed, one half the resulting volume is removed from the second vessel and transferred to the third vessel. The entire cycle is repeated sufficiently to give a series of concentrations amounting to 500, 250, 125, 63, 31, 16, 8, and 4 ppm, respectively.

Each vessel is then inoculated with a cell suspension of the appropriate test organism. Bacteria are grown in broth and fungi on agar slants for a time and at a temperature appropriate to the species being tested. At the end of the growth period, the broth is vortexed to disperse the cells. In the case of fungi, the spores are harvested by pipetting water onto the slant and dislodging the spores with a sterile loop. The cell/spore suspension is standardized by controlling incubation time, temperature, and the volume of the diluent. The suspension is then used to inoculate the vessels containing the broth compound. The vessels are then incubated at the appropriate temperature. After the incubation, the vessels are examined for growth/no growth. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is defined as the lowest concentration of compound that results in complete inhibition of growth of the test organism.

The organisms tested to demonstrate biocidal activity include:

BACTERIA:

Pseudomonas fluorescens (Ps.fl), gram negative

Pseudomonas aerugenosa (Ps.ae), gram negative

Escherichia coli (E.c), gram negative

Staphylococcus aureus (S.a), gram positive

FUNGI:

Aspergillus niger (A.n)

Aureobasidium pullulans (A.p)

The results of the test are shown below in Table 3.

                  TABLE 3                                                          ______________________________________                                         MIC Test Results in Ppm                                                        Compound A.n     A.p     E.c   Ps.ae Ps.fl S.a                                 ______________________________________                                         9        >500    <4      >500  >500  >500  >500                                10       125     <4      >500  >500  16    <4                                  11       250     <4      >500  >500  >500  >500                                41       >500    >500    >500  >500  >500  ≧500                         43       >500    16      >500  >500  >500  >500                                47       >500    >500    >500  >500  >500  >500                                115      >500    ≧250                                                                            >500  >500  >500  >500                                ______________________________________                                    

The compounds of Examples 1-8, 12-26, 28-33, 36-37, 39-42, 44-109, 111-114, and 116-120 were subjected also to the following alternate biocidal activity test procedures with the results as indicated in Table 4.

Speed of Kill Test

An acetone solution of the compound was prepared at 10,000 ppm and 0.1 ml was added to 9.8 ml of SHW. 0.1 ml of Ps fl inoculum at 10,000,000 cells per ml was added to the SHW, providing 10 ml of solution which was incubated for 24 hours prior to recovery into Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB).

To recover and measure the living cells, 2.5 ml of the SHW mix was transferred to a reservoir from which 2.5 μl was then transferred 8 times to microtiter wells containing 225 μl of TSB. Each of the 8 transfers was then serially diluted seven times, providing eight replicates of eight dilutions. The concentration at which no living cells were recovered was used to back calculate the log reduction. The data was entered into the database, and the log reductions calculated automatically.

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Test

The MIC test measures the viability of Pseudomonas fluorescens inoculum in TSB when exposed for 72 hours to varying concentrations of test compound.

A 125 μl aliquot of 10,000 ppm test compound in acetone was added to 4.88 ml of TSB to provide a 250 ppm solution. From this solution, 100 μL was transferred to the first row of two microtiter plate columns. Both replicates and five additional compounds were all serially diluted 1:1 to a final concentration of 0.8 ppm in TSB.

Inoculation was accomplished by diluting a 24 hr Ps fl culture, four mls per 36 mls of phosphate buffer solution. A Dynatech autoinoculator was used to transfer 1.5 μl of this cell suspension to the microtiter plates. The plates were incubated at 30° C. for 3 days before the lowest concentration at which no growth occurs was recorded in the database. The MIC test data on Ps.fl, Ps,ae, E.c, and S.a. bacteria and Candida albicans (C.alb), A.n and A.p fungi are listed in Table 4.

                  TABLE 4                                                          ______________________________________                                         MIC Test Results in Ppm*                                                       Com-                                                                           pound A.n     A.p    C.alb E.c   Ps.ae Ps.fl S.a                               ______________________________________                                         1                                      >250                                    2                                      >250                                    3                                      >250                                    4                                      >250                                    5                                      >250                                    6                                      >250                                    7                                      >250                                    8                                      >250                                    12                                     >250                                    13                                     >250                                    14                                     >250                                    15                                     >250                                    16                                     >250                                    17                                     >250                                    18                                     >250                                    19                                     >250                                    20                                     >250                                    21                                     >250                                    22                                     >250                                    23                                     >250                                    24    63      <2     12    >250  >250  >250  >250                              25                                     >250                                    26                                     >250                                    28                                     >250                                    29                                     >250                                    30                                     >250                                    31                                     >250                                    32                                     >250                                    33                                     >250                                    36                                     >250                                    37                                     >250                                    39                                     >250                                    40                                     >250                                    41                                     >250                                    42                                     >250                                    44                                     >250                                    45                                     >250                                    46                                     >250                                    47                                     >250                                    48                                     >250                                    49                                     >250                                    50                                     >250                                    51                                     >250                                    52                                     > 250                                   53                                     >250                                    54                                     >250                                    55                                     >250                                    56                                     >250                                    57                                     >250                                    58                                     >250                                    59                                     >250                                    60                                     >250                                    61                                     >250                                    62                                     >250                                    63                                     >250                                    64                                     >250                                    65                                     >250                                    66                                     >250                                    67                                     >250                                    68                                     >250                                    69                                     >250                                    70                                     >250                                    71                                     >250                                    72                                     >250                                    73                                     >250                                    74                                     >250                                    75                                     >250                                    76                                     >250                                    77                                     > 250                                   78                                     >250                                    79                                     >250                                    80                                     >250                                    81                                     >250                                    82                                     >250                                    83                                     >250                                    84                                     >250                                    85                                     >250                                    86                                     >250                                    87                                     >250                                    88                                     >250                                    89                                     >250                                    90                                     >250                                    91                                     >250                                    92                                     >250                                    93                                     >250                                    94                                     >250                                    95                                     >250                                    96                                     >250                                    97                                     >250                                    98                                     >250                                    99                                     >250                                    100                                    >250                                    101                                    >250                                    102                                    > 250                                   103                                    >250                                    104                                    >250                                    105   24      <2     <2    >250  >250  ≧125                                                                          >250                              106                                    >250                                    107                                    >250                                    108                                    >250                                    109                                    >250                                    111                                    >250                                    112                                    >250                                    113   ≧250                                                                            31     ≧125                                                                          31    125   63    63                                114                                    >250                                    115                                    >250                                    116                                    >250                                    117                                    I**                                     118                                    I**                                     119                                    I**                                     120                                    I**                                     ______________________________________                                          *Blank space = not tested                                                      **I = inactive                                                           

EXAMPLE B: FUNGICIDE TEST METHODS

The compounds of this invention were tested for fungicidal activity in vivo against cucumber downy mildew (CDM), rice blast (RB), rice sheath blight (RSB), tomato late blight (TLB), wheat powdery mildew (WPM), wheat stem rust (WSR) and wheat leaf rust (WLR). In tests on cereals (except for rice plants used for testing rice blast), the plants were trimmed about 24 hours prior to the application of the fungicide compound to provide a uniform plant height and to facilitate uniform application of the compound and inoculation with the fungus. The compounds were dissolved in a 2:1:1 mixture of water, acetone, and methanol, sprayed onto the plants, allowed to dry (four to six hours), and then the plants were inoculated with the fungus. Each test utilized control plants which were sprayed with the water, acetone, and methanol mixture and inoculated with the fungus. The remainder of the technique of each of the tests is given below and the results are reported as percent disease control (percentages of plants treated with the compounds of the present invention lacking disease signs or symptoms compared to the untreated control plants).

Cucumber Downy Mildew (CDM):

Pseudoperonospora cubensis was maintained on leaves of live Marketer cucumber plants in a constant temperature room at 65° F. to 75° F. in humid air with moderate light intensity for 7 to 8 days. A water suspension of the spores from infested leaves was obtained and the spore concentration was adjusted to about 100,000 per ml of water.

Marketer cucumber seedlings were inoculated by spraying the underside of the leaves with a DeVilbiss atomizer until small droplets were observed on the leaves. The inoculated plants were incubated in a mist chamber for 24 hours at about 70° F. and then subsequently incubated for 6 to 7 days in a controlled temperature room under mist at 65° F. to 75° F. Seven days after inoculation, the percent disease control was determined.

Rice Blast (RB):

Nato rice plants were inoculated with Piricularia oryzae (about 20,000 conidia per ml) by spraying the leaves and stems with an airbrush until a uniform film of inoculum was observed on the leaves. The inoculated plants were incubated in a humid environment (75° F. to 85° F.) for about 24 hours, then placed in a greenhouse environment (70° F. to 75° F.). Seven to eight days after inoculation, the percent disease control was determined.

Rice Sheath Blight (RSB):

Pellicularia filamentosa (f. sp. sasiki) was cultured on an autoclaved mixture of crushed rice seeds and potato dextrose broth (100 gms of rice seeds per 30 ml of potato dextrose broth) in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. After 10 days, the culture was blended in a blender to produce a uniform inoculum. Approximately one teaspoon of inoculum was spread among Lebonnet rice seedlings on the soil surface of each pot (3 inch diameter). The inoculated seedlings were incubated for 5 days in a humidity cabinet (85° F. to 90° F.). Percent disease controls were determined immediately after removing the seedlings from the cabinet.

Tomato Late Blight (TLB):

Phytophthora infestans was cultured on four week old Pixie tomato plants in a controlled environment room (65° F. to 70° F. and 100% relative humidity). After storage, the spores were washed from the leaves with water and dispersed by DeVilbiss atomizer over three week old Pixie tomato plants which had been sprayed previously with experimental fungicides. The inoculated plants were placed in a humidity cabinet at 70° F. and constant mist for 24 hours for infection. The plants were then moved to the controlled environment room as above and scored after three more days incubation. Disease control levels were recorded as percent control four days after inoculation and five days after spraying the compounds.

Wheat Powdery Mildew (WPM):

Erysiphe graminis (f. sp. tritici) was cultured on Pennol wheat seedlings in a controlled temperature room at 65° F. to 75° F. Mildew spores were shaken from the culture plants onto Pennol wheat seedlings which had been sprayed previously with the fungicide compound. The inoculated seedlings were kept in a controlled temperature room at 65° F. to 75° F. and subirrigated. The percent disease control was rated 8 to 10 days after the inoculation.

Wheat Stem Rust (WSR):

Puccinia graminis (f. sp. tritici Race 15B-2) was cultured on Wanzer wheat seedlings for a period of 14 days in a greenhouse. A water suspension of the spores from infested plants was obtained and the spore concentration was adjusted to about 200,000 spores per ml of deionized water. Wanzer wheat plants which had been previously treated with the fungicide compounds were inoculated by applying the stem rust spore suspension, until runoff, with a DeVilbiss atomizer at 5 lbs. per square inch air pressure. After inoculation, the plants were placed in a humid environment at approximately 75° F. where they were exposed to 12 hours of continuous darkness followed by a minimum of 3 to 4 hours of light having an intensity of about 500 footcandles. The temperature in the chamber did not exceed 85° F. At the end of the light period, the plants were placed in a greenhouse where they were permitted to grow for a period of two weeks at which time the percent disease control was determined.

Wheat Leaf Rust (WLR):

Puccinia recondita (f. sp. tritici Races PKB and PLD) was increased on seven day old wheat (cultivar Fielder) over a 14 day period in the greenhouse. Spores were collected from the leaves with a cyclone vacuum or by settling on aluminum foil. The spores were cleaned by sieving through a 250 micron opening screen and stored or used fresh. Storage employed sealed bags in an Ultralow freezer. When stored, spores must be heat shocked for two minutes at 40° F. before use. A spore suspension is prepared from dry uredia by adding 20 mg (9.5 million) per ml of Soltrol oil. The suspension is dispensed into gelatin capsules (0.7 ml capacity) which attach to the oil atomizers. One capsule is used per flat of twenty of the two inch square pots of seven day old Fielder wheat. After waiting for at least 15 minutes for the oil to evaporate from the wheat leaves, the plants are placed in a dark mist chamber (18°-20° C. and 100% relative humidity) for 24 hours. The plants are then put in the greenhouse for the latent period and scored after 10 days for disease levels. Protective and curative tests were inoculated one day after and two days, respectively, before spraying the plants with the test chemicals.

Selected compounds of Examples 1-120 were subjected also to the following in vitro fungitoxicity assay against Pythium ultimum in a liquid culture, with the results as indicated in Table 6.

Pythium ultimum Fungitoxicity Assay

A dilution series of the test compound was prepared in dimethylsulfoxide, and 0.1 ml of each dilution was added to 19.9 ml of a liquid asparagine-sucrose medium (D. C. Erwin and K. Katznelson (1971), Can. J. Microbiol. 7, 15) in 9 cm diameter petri dishes to give the desired final concentrations of test compound. Plates were inoculated with mycelial plugs, 7 mm diameter, taken from the growing edge of 48 h old cultures of Pythium ultimum, (ATCC 26083), grown on potato dextrose agar. Two replicate plates were used for each treatment. The increase in mycelial dry weight was determined after growth for 48 h at 25° C. with shaking at 60 rpm. EC50 values were calculated from dose response curves.

                                      TABLE 5                                      __________________________________________________________________________     % Control* versus Assorted Fungi                                               Compound                                                                             CDM  RB   RSB TLB  WLR WPM  WSR                                          __________________________________________________________________________     1     --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              100/100                                                                             0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           2     --   50/6 0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           3     85/50                                                                               80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       4     99/50                                                                               80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               50/200                                       5     50/50                                                                               80/25                                                                               0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       6     85/50                                                                               50/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               90/200                                       7     --   --   50/6                                                                               0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           8     --   80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           9     --   90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           10    85/50                                                                               80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              50/100                                                                             0/100                                                                               90/200                                       11    85/50                                                                               75/50                                                                               0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              50/100                                                                             0/100                                                                               90/200                                       12    85/50                                                                               90/200                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               90/200                                       13    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           14    50/50                                                                               100/100                                                                             0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       15    50/50                                                                               100/100                                                                             0/100                                                                              95/100                                                                              95/100                                                                             0/100                                                                               90/200                                       16    50/12                                                                               100/25                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              75/100                                                                             0/100                                                                               75/100                                       17    50/50                                                                               80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               95/200                                       18    70/50                                                                               50/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              100/25                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               50/200                                       19    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           20    85/12                                                                               50/200                                                                              0/100                                                                              95/6 0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       21    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           22    99/50                                                                               0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              95/25                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       23    --   0/100                                                                               80/100                                                                             0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           24    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              95/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           25    85/50                                                                               0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              100/100                                                                             0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               90/100                                       26    85/50                                                                               80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               90/100                                       27    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           28    --   90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           29    85/50                                                                               75/200                                                                              0/100                                                                              90/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       30    70/50                                                                               0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              50/25                                                                              0/100                                                                               75/200                                       31    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           32    --   0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           33    50/50                                                                               80/25                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              85/100                                                                              75/200                                       34    --   0/100                                                                               90/100                                                                             80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           35    --   80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              85/100                                                                              --                                           36    --   90/25                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           37    --   80/25                                                                               0/100                                                                              90/6 0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           38    --   80/25                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/6 0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           39    --   80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           40    85/50                                                                               75/200                                                                              0/100                                                                              95/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              50/100                                                                              75/200                                       41    0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/200                                                                               100/25                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           42    50/50                                                                               90/200                                                                              --  0/200                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               50/200                                       43    50/50                                                                               0/100                                                                               --  0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               50/200                                       44    0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/100                                        45    0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                               80/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           46    99/50                                                                               75/200                                                                              --  95/100                                                                              80/25                                                                              0/100                                                                               100/200                                      47    70/12                                                                               0/50 --  90/100                                                                              --  --   90/50                                        48    --   --   --  0/100                                                                               --  --   --                                           49    99/50                                                                               50/12                                                                               --  80/100                                                                              --  --   75/200                                       50    85/50                                                                               0/200                                                                               --  80/100                                                                              --  --   75/200                                       51    85/50                                                                               0/200                                                                               90/25                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/=100                                                                              90/200                                       52    70/50                                                                               0/200                                                                               0/100                                                                              80/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               90/200                                       53    --   --   0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           54    --   --   0/100                                                                              85/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              0/100                                                                               --                                           55    70/12                                                                               0/200                                                                               0/100                                                                              95/100                                                                              0/100                                                                              50/100                                                                              90/200                                       56    50/12                                                                               0/200                                                                               80/50                                                                              80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               75/200                                       57    70/50                                                                               75/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              25/200                                                                             50/12                                                                               90/200                                       58    --   --   50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           59    70/50                                                                               0/200                                                                               50/50                                                                              80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               50/200                                       60    --   50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              95/200                                                                              25/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           61    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           62    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/100                                                                              50/12                                                                               --                                           63    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              100/200                                                                             0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           64    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           65    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              95/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           66    --   50/50                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           67    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              95/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           68    70/12                                                                               80/50                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               90/200                                       69    85/50                                                                               80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              100/200                                                                             0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               75/200                                       70    --   50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           71    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              100/200                                                                             0/200                                                                              50/12                                                                               --                                           72    --   0/200                                                                               50/200                                                                             90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           73    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               25/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           74    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           75    0/200                                                                               50/200                                                                              0/12                                                                               90/50                                                                               50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           76    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           77    85/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              80/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           78    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           79    --   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              100/200                                                                             0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           80    85/50                                                                               50/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             100/200                                                                             0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               75/200                                       81    0/200                                                                               75/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              100/200                                                                             25/50                                                                              85/50                                                                               --                                           82    0/200                                                                               90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               50/50                                                                              0/200                                                                               50/100                                       83    95/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           84    0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           85    70/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              80/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           86    85/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               0/100                                        87    100/200                                                                             95/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              80/200                                                                             50/12                                                                               50/10                                        88    70/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              --  90/200                                                                              80/50                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/100                                        89    70/200                                                                              95/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              90/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               80/100                                       90    85/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/50 --                                           91    70/200                                                                              70/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              80/200                                                                              25/200                                                                             85/12                                                                               --                                           92    85/200                                                                              70/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              50/50                                                                              50/50                                                                               --                                           93    99/200                                                                              90/50                                                                               0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             75/200                                                                              50/100                                       94    70/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              80/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             85/200                                                                              --                                           95    95/200                                                                              70/50                                                                               0/200                                                                              80/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               --                                           96    95/200                                                                              95/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               0/50                                                                               75/200                                                                              0/100                                        97    0/50 70/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              50/12                                                                               --                                           98    50/200                                                                              99/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              90/200                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/50 0/100                                        99    50/200                                                                              75/200                                                                              --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              --                                           100   50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              --                                           101   50/200                                                                              75/200                                                                              --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           102   50/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           103   50/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              85/200                                                                              --                                           104   0/200                                                                               50/200                                                                              --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           105   90/200                                                                              --   --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           106   50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           107   0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              --                                           108   90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           109   50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           110   70/200                                                                              75/200                                                                              --  90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           111   85/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           112   99/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  90/100                                                                              50/200                                                                             0/200                                                                               50/100                                       113   50/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               25/50                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           114   95/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               50/100                                       115   --   --   --  0/200                                                                               --  --   --                                           116   0/200                                                                               50/12                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           117   95/50                                                                               0/200                                                                               --  0/200                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           118   100/200                                                                             75/200                                                                              --  90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           119   70/200                                                                              50/200                                                                              --  80/200                                                                              0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           120   90/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --  80/50                                                                               0/200                                                                              0/200                                                                               --                                           __________________________________________________________________________      *Values given as % Control/Ppm application rate                          

                  TABLE 6                                                          ______________________________________                                         EC 50 Values of Selected Compounds Against Pythium ultimum                     Compound      EC 50, ppm                                                       ______________________________________                                         7             50                                                               42            9                                                                43            5.2                                                              48            8.2                                                              53            10.2                                                             61            59.5                                                             70            5.0                                                              73            8.4                                                              74            5                                                                76            13.2                                                             78            23.9                                                             113           6.9                                                              116           10.3                                                             ______________________________________                                    

While the invention has been described in sufficient detail for those skilled in the art to be able to make and use it, various alternatives, modifications, and improvements should become apparent from the forgoing disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 

We claim:
 1. A compound of the formula

    R.sub.1 --NH--C(═O)--C(--Z.sub.1)═C(--Z.sub.2)--S--A--R.sub.2,

wherein R₁ is selected from n-octyl, propargyl, and 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentyl; R₂ is selected from 2-chloroethyl, 3-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl, diphenylamino, 4-butylphenyl, and 3,5-dichlorophenyl; Z₁ and Z₂ are each hydrogen; and A is carbonyl. 